Cretinism is a medical term that refers to a condition characterized by severe physical and mental developmental delays, resulting from congenital hypothyroidism (an underactive thyroid gland) or iodine deficiency during pregnancy or early childhood. It leads to stunted growth, distinct facial features, and can cause intellectual disability. The condition is often associated with a lack of proper health care and nutritional deficiencies in the mother during pregnancy. The term is now considered outdated and potentially offensive, and “congenital hypothyroidism” is more commonly used in medical contexts.
