Cretinism is a medical condition characterized by severe mental and physical growth retardation caused by untreated congenital deficiency of thyroid hormones, typically resulting from congenital hypothyroidism. It can lead to developmental delays, stunted growth, and various physical deformities. The term is historically derived from the word “cretin,” which was once used to describe individuals with this condition, although it is now considered outdated and potentially offensive.
